Introduction and objectives Inhalers are widely used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). For patients to gain maximum benefit they need to be educated by ...

Rationale Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Interaction between inflammatory cells and activated platelets is important ...

Introduction Identifying acute hypercapnic respiratory failure is crucial in the initial management of acute exacerbations of COPD. Guidelines recommend obtaining arterial blood samples but these are ...