A new sulfonated diamine monomer, 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene-2,7-disulfonic acid (BAPFDS), was synthesized by direct sulfonation of the parent diamine, 9,9-bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene (BAPF), using ...

As aforementioned, the sulfonic derivatives are applied as efficient homogeneous catalysts in fructose dehydration due to their strong Brønsted acid site of −SO 3 H. Moreover, some kinds of sulfonic ...