The retina is a layered structure that lines the inner surface of the eye. It consists of layers of neurons: light-sensitive photoreceptor cells, bipolar cells, horizontal cells, amacrine cells ...

In summary, our flow cytometric analysis reveals upregulation of markers for tissue residency and effector function of T cells specifically in the retina/RPE/choroid complex of Cx3cr1 mice. Aging of ...

A detached retina occurs when the retina, a layer of tissue that covers most of the back of the eye, separates from its anchored position. Eye trauma is the most common cause, and the symptoms—blurred ...

Kodiak Sciences basically uses a novel biopolymer conjugate platform to develop more durable, next-generation retinal disease therapies. Today, KOD’s pipeline includes Phase 3 candidates for DR ...

While retinol may win the popularity contest, alternatives such as retinal and retinyl esters are increasingly coming to the fore. The cellular regeneration that retinol sparks can result in wide ...

Posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) is an eye condition that naturally happens with age, when gel that usually fills your eyeball detaches from your retina. If you see blurry shadows, also called ...

The macula is part of the retina, the light-sensitive layer that lines the back of the eye. The macula allows us to have fine, detailed, and clear central vision. Macular telangiectasia causes disease ...

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The retina is composed of 11 types of cells ... CRX and NRL; microglia express CX3CR1, C1QA, C1QB and C1QC; fibroblasts express COL3A1 and COL1A1. According to the report, Xiying Mao et al. (Mao et al ...

Adult-born granular cells (abGCs) in microglia-depleted mice have lower spine density, but not spine size, compared to abGCs in WT control mice. Together these findings suggest that microglia have ...

Impact of stress on diseases including gastrointestinal failure is well-known, but molecular mechanism is not understood. Here we show underlying molecular mechanism using EAE mice. Under stress ...