1913 Bohr In-depth work on Rutherford's model showed it had limitations. The electrons should just spiral in towards the positive nucleus. Electrons move in fixed orbits, called electron shells ...

The EI-manipulation strategies demonstrated here are general and can be applied to other nanostructures with variable electron–hole overlap. We use CdSe/CdS core–shell NCs as a model system ...

They are called the halogens. They have an outer shell that needs just one more electron to be full. And they'll grab it any way they can. The group includes fluorine and bromine, but the most ...

Today, this model is known as the quantum model or the electron cloud model. The inner orbitals surrounding the atom are spherical but the outer orbitals are much more complicated. An atom's ...