The Y chromosome is about one-third the size of the X and contains far fewer genes. Now, scientists have found that this ...

Cytologists had been studying chromosome behavior since the late 19th century. Why did it take until 1956 to figure out the correct human chromosome number, thanks to Joe Hin Tjio and Albert Levan?

Humans inherit one set of chromosomes from their mother and a second set from their father. In total, most human cells contain 46 chromosomes with 22 pairs of autosomes, or non-sex chromosomes ...

In particular, it explains that humans have one fewer chromosome pair in their cells than apes, due to a mutation found in chromosome number 2 that caused two chromosomes to fuse into one.

New research funded by the National Institutes of Health has generated the first complete chromosome sequences from non-human primates. These sequences highlight variations between the Y ...

It’s not clear why these backups have evolved. The new Y chromosome sequences could spell change for metagenomics research, which involves sequencing microbial genomes. Human DNA contaminants often ...