Kathryn Rhine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (THE CONVERSATION) A little over two decades ago, addressing Nigeria’s HIV crisis topped U.S. President George W. Bush’s priorities.

Akwa Ibom State, where the study was conducted, ranks third in Nigeria for the highest number of people living with HIV.

Following the rollout of HIV treatments, Nigeria's cases dropped dramatically—by 2010, prevalence had fallen to 4.1%. Declines continued steadily as treatment access expanded from 360,000 people ...