And then you'll have a model plant cell with all of its parts. A cell wall, which keeps everything together, cell membrane, which surrounds the cytoplasm, vacuole, the space within the cytoplasm ...

and the lytic vacuoles of acidic pH, which are equivalent in function to lysosomes in mammalian cells (Figure 1). A special feature of guard cells is that they can increase or decrease their ...

The research team showed that ATG8, which is normally located in small cellular vesicles that mediate autophagy, is quickly relocated to the vacuole membrane upon disruption of the cell wall.

Plant cells have several structures not found in other eukaryotes. In particular, organelles called chloroplasts allow plants to capture the energy of the Sun in energy-rich molecules; cell walls ...