"When we tested phages that could not go dormant, the CRISPR system did not work nearly as well." After isolating the bacteria that survived, and letting the survivors repopulate the flask ...

So why do we call it CRISPR? Cas proteins are used by bacteria to destroy viral DNA. They add bits of viral DNA to their own genome to guide the Cas proteins, and the odd patterns of these bits of ...

I would venture to say that bacteria and archaea use everything that you can imagine for the purpose of defence — and then, ...