Chemical structure of guanine, showing its double-ring purine structure and the functional groups involved in hydrogen bonding with cytosine. (Image: Public Domain) Guanine has the chemical formula ...

Anyone who studied a little genetics in high school has heard of adenine, thymine, guanine and cytosine -- the A, T, G and C that make up the DNA code. But those are not the whole story.

Here we have designed and synthesized ligands that specifically bind with high affinity (K d = 53 nM) to the guanine (G)–guanine ... obtained only for the DNA containing the G-G mismatch.

Other combinations of the atoms form the four bases: thymine (T), adenine (A), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). These bases are the rungs of the DNA ladder. (It takes two bases to form a rung -- one ...

DNA is the molecular basis of heredity ... are strict rules about which nucleobase can pair with which. Adenine and guanine are double-ring molecules called purines, but cytosine, thymine and ...

These “nucleobases” — adenine, guanine, cytosine ... “We’ve completed the set of all the bases found in DNA and RNA and life on Earth, and they’re present in meteorites,” says ...

There is no more iconic image in biology than that of DNA's double-stranded helix, which coils and supercoils on itself to form dense chromosomes. But a quite different, square-shaped type of DNA ...

These building blocks are known as bases - four distinct chemical units that make up the DNA molecule. They are: adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. The microchip will be used for growing ...

But it wasn’t until 1989 that Steven Benner, then at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, and his team coaxed modified forms of cytosine and guanine into DNA molecules.