But on the theory we are considering, the location of the starving people makes no difference; everyone is included in the community of moral concern. This has radical consequences: for example, when ...

Examples of natural laws exist ... Natural law is an ethical theory that claims that humans are born with a certain moral compass that guides behaviors. These inherited rules essentially ...

7. I shall discuss whether utilitarianism is a valid moral theory. [not only lacking in specificity, but theories can’t be valid/invalid; they can be more or less reasonable/useful/etc.] 9. Rule ...