Top quarks, in particular, are already the heaviest known elementary particles—the basic particles that makes up matter—clocking in at 184 times the mass of a proton. Some quarks produced from smashed ...

When building an atom, pay close attention to the particles' electrical charges. Protons have a charge of +1. Electrons have a charge of -1. Neutrons are neutral, as its name implies. A stable ...

Or, as Neil put it: “If a single atom was the size of a human being ... One popular theory suggests that the elementary particles themselves are made up of vibrating strings that are about the size of ...

For instance, it is now known that in each atom of carbon-12, there is a set number of subatomic particles: six electrons, six protons, and six neutrons. The atom's nucleus and electrons are held ...

Neutrinos are the only known elementary particles whose mass remains unknown, though questions remain about how well those elementary particles cooperate with the Standard Model. Determining the ...