One of the first staining assays used in biofilm analysis was the crystal violet assay. In this method, the negatively charged molecules within a biofilm (i.e. polysaccharides of the EPS and ...

Scanning electron microscopy revealed that untreated biofilms retained their dense, intact structure, while those exposed to the microrobots showed significant disruption and cell loss. Crystal violet ...

Contrary to standard scientific texts, the purple dye called crystal violet, a main ingredient in gram staining, does not actually enter bacterial cells, researchers report April 27 in ACS ...