Antibodies are large Y-shaped proteins. They are recruited by ... An epitope is usually made up of a 5-8 amino acid long chain on the surface of the protein. The chain of amino acids does not ...

after a few immunizations the immune system begins to produce antibodies against immune complexes already bound to the viral ...

Here’s how it works. Antibodies are specialized, Y-shaped proteins that bind like a lock-and-key to the body's foreign invaders — whether they are viruses, bacteria, fungi or parasites.

Biology researchers have developed a new antibody therapy that can neutralize a wide variety of HIV-1 strains. They found success in an unlikely source -- llamas. A research team at Georgia State ...

Conventional antibodies also have other limitations. They are expensive to manufacture and need to be kept refrigerated, causing challenges in areas without cold chain supply infrastructure.

The deal makes use of the ability of the platform to generate heavy chain only antibodies, a class of molecules that are found naturally in some species and have novel properties that have ...

We tested 2102 samples collected from 1237 persons up to 4 months after diagnosis by a quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (qPCR) assay. We measured antibodies in 4222 quarantined persons who ...