Conditions here are harsh, and survival requires specific adaptations. Reindeer have an ... and climate change. Caribou play a vital role in Arctic ecosystems by helping to cycle nutrients and ...

Reindeer have adapted to the extreme cold and so have their hooves. Caribou hooves change with the season, becoming more padded and softer in the summer for stepping on grass and twigs ...

Caribou are essential to traditional peoples of the north ... Original web page by Dr. Barbara J. Winter, Adapted for AEM by Melissa Rollit, 2016.