Willows (Salix ssp) can be identified by their long, narrow leaves, which have small toothed leaf margins ... in an alternating pattern along the stem. Some elm leaves are smooth on one side ...

The alternates are oak, hickory, yellow poplar, birch, beech ... This is the scar of a leaf-like attachment just off the leaf stem. Since all trees do not have stipules the presence or absence ...

“The maples — they’ve got a lovely shape. And the cutleaf birch” — he held a serrated leaf by its stem — “isn’t that neat? It looks like a tree.” Morey, a Palo Alto ...

Birch trees adjust their stem thickness to support their weight. Trees are known for their great, but not unlimited, trunk height and diameter. They have evolved to develop a heavy above-ground ...

As they cling to leaf tips, newborn warty birch caterpillars produce vibrations that can ward off invaders approaching their millimeter-size domain. By Becky Ferreira When territorial animals are ...

Larvae of the leaf beetle Chrysomela lapponica attack two tree species: willow and birch. To fend off predator attacks, their larvae produce toxic butyric acid esters or salicylaldehyde ...