Somatic hypermutation (SHM) of immunoglobulin variable (V) regions modulates antibody-antigen affinity is initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA).

A dual-function nanoreactor detects and degrades chloramphenicol with high sensitivity and speed, offering a promising tool ...

This important study provides evidence for asymptomatic Bordetella pertussis carriage among mothers in a longitudinal cohort in Zambia, significantly advancing understanding of transmission dynamics.

Thus, there is a general need for improved systems, methods, and apparatuses that are capable of performing or being used during assay protocols, such as the SBS protocol described above ...

The discovery of antibiotics has been heralded as one of the triumphs of modern medicine. The various cellular pathways that antibiotics inhibit, which include the synthesis of the cell wall and ...

This method relies on cointroducing, along with the gene to impart a desired characteristic, another gene that confers antibiotic resistance. Culturing the transformed cells in antibiotic ...