Virtually all passenger car engines are installed in production vehicles with a slight tail-down angle of 1 to 3 degrees. If we look at the drivetrain from a side view, in order to maintain the ...

See All 8 Photos We actually tested four different valve-face-angle configurations. Valve 1 is cut with a straight, 30-degree angle, while valve 2 features a straight, 45-degree cut. Valve 3 is a ...

The flat-four fires at 180-degree intervals, and its V angle is 180 degrees, which leads to a balance of firing forces. The flat-four, in fact, balances all three of the different types of forces.

Gene Parente set the robot to hit shots that were no more than a couple of yards offline, but the swing path changed depending on the angle of attack. For the +2 and -1 degree attack angles ...