This model illustrates how alleles of modifier and modified genes affect penetrance, dominance modification ... but not for the wild-type homozygotes is shifted relative to the phenotypic threshold.

Tight junctions (blue dots) between cells are connected areas of the plasma membrane that stitch cells together. Adherens junctions (red dots) join the actin filaments of neighboring cells together.

which have the ability to self-renew and differentiate into various cell types. Stem cell cultures are valuable tools for studying developmental biology, regenerative medicine, and disease modeling.

It is through the development, activation, and modification of these neuronal ... There are multiple types of glial cells with distinct purposes. Major kinds of glia include: ...

Hematopoietic (hee-MA-toh-poy-EH-tik) stem cells (usually just called stem cells) grow into all types of blood cells. The white blood cells fight infection, red blood cells carry oxygen, and platelets ...