DNA is fundamental to the biology of all life on Earth, but how many of us actually know what it is or what it's made of?

One goal of the project was to accurately sequence the 3 billion nucleotide base pairs in the human genome. A second goal was to map and identify all of the human genes present in the DNA sequence.

also called base pairs. Two types of base pairing occur: nucleotide A pairs with T, and nucleotide C pairs with G.

It is often referred to as the "fifth nucleotide" due to its abundance in RNA ... and antisense oligonucleotide (ASOs), rely on the specific base-pairing properties of uracil to target and regulate ...

It consists of an adenine nucleotide joined to a nicotinamide nucleotide ... It relies on the complementary base pairing of adenine with thymine to synthesize new DNA strands. By designing primers ...