There are probably thousands of kinds of metabolisms, or chemical processes that maintain life, said Donald Canfield, a ...

This mechanism links the gradual oxidation of electron donors in the electron transport chain to the pumping of protons through the membrane, generating the electrochemical gradient required for ...

The electron transport chain in the mitochondrial membrane is not the only one that generates energy in living cells. In plant and other photosynthetic cells, chloroplasts also have an electron ...