The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But where does translation take place within a cell?

Transcription factors are proteins involved in the process of converting, or transcribing, DNA into RNA. Transcription factors include a wide number of proteins, excluding RNA polymerase ...

which then enhances the transcription of TNFα by binding to its promoter. This process accelerates osteoclast activity, promoting bone resorption and speeding up tooth movement. The diagram ...