Cytokine traps block cytokine action in vivo We first evaluated the in vivo activity of the human IL-1 trap by testing its ability to block the biological actions of human IL-1β administered SC ...

During early drug development and preclinical development, researchers use in vitro cultured lymphocytes to induce cytokine ...

Cytokine actions may be autocrine meaning the cytokine acts on the same cell that secretes it. If the cytokine acts on cells nearby other than the one that secreted it, the action is termed paracrine.

Hundreds of cytokines are released when the immune system goes into action. They drive and suppress one another in complex feedback loops.

Cytokine release syndrome is an immune system response that can occur due to immunotherapy or infection. It happens when an immune system communication protein called cytokine is overproduced.

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurs due to high levels of inflammation in the body. Find out about the symptoms of CRS and how it links to COVID-19 here.

This action elicits a further increase in neuronal APP expression and induces the expression of interleukin-23 and interleukin-12, two other proinflammatory cytokines that share a common subunit p40.

The problem is that the body becomes resistant to cytokine signaling, rather than cytokine action being the problem." ...

In the quest to design vaccines that better help the body's immune system fight disease, scientists are always looking for more tools for their arsenal.

It is possible that metabolic stressors increase cytokine action or reduce cytokine antagonist activity and increase free radical production.

Furthermore, cytokines can exhibit synergistic effects, where one cytokine enhances the activity of another, or antagonistic effects, where one cytokine inhibits the action of another. This complex ...