The outer membrane of mitochondria and chloroplasts has pores that allow small molecules to pass easily. The inner membrane is loaded with the proteins that make up the electron transport chain ...

Specialized transporters in the outer chloroplast membrane must convey these proteins into the chloroplast. A paper in Science Advances by Gyeong Mee Yoon, associate professor of botany and plant ...

Plant cells have several structures not found in other eukaryotes. In particular, organelles called chloroplasts allow plants to capture the energy of the Sun in energy-rich molecules; cell walls ...

Outer layers of cell Cell membrane, surrounded by cell wall in ... cell organelles include mitochondria, ribosomes and chloroplasts in plants. Cytoplasm, ribosomes present; there are no ...

Specialized transporters in the outer chloroplast membrane must convey these proteins into the chloroplast. Yoon and Chien identified a crucial amino acid of the transporter that, when modified ...