A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's chromosomal DNA. Plasmids naturally exist in bacterial cells, and they also occur in some eukaryotes.

Are DNA transformation and plasmid transformation the same ... Let’s consider an example of a bacterial transformation protocol using chemically competent cells and heat shock. Both transfection and ...

the team of researchers took a closer look at this plasmid, which consists of only two genes that rather surprisingly only ...

Scientists say they have shed new light on how bacteria protect themselves from certain phage invaders -- by seizing genetic material from weakened, dormant phages and using it to 'vaccinate' ...

"Around half of the bacterial taxa in the wastewater community could pick up the plasmids, giving us a detailed map of horizontal gene transfer events." The study also showed that RAM can be used to ...

Immune cells that eat bacteria in the body don’t stash them in specialized compartments as once thought, but turn them into critical nutrients that build proteins, create energy and keep the ...

Studying bacterial interactions with actin is still throwing up new mysteries. These microbes all enjoy at least part of their lives shielded from the onslaught of white blood cells, antibodies, and ...