Animism is therefore not a religion but a term for classifying a type of religion, one which was, in the 1870s at least, deemed by European and American scholars to be less civilized.

Anthropologists in the late 19th and early 20th centuries hypothesized that animism was the earliest religion. But later scholars have called this theory into question.

The Philippines was an animistic culture before Islam or Christianity set in. In animistic culture, destiny is tied to the actions or reactions of benevolent and malevolent spirits.

Contents Vorwort = Preface / Dietrich Karner -- Einleitung und Dank = Introduction and acknowledgments / Sabine Folie/Anselm Franke -- Jenseits der Wiederkehr des Verdrängten = Beyond the return of ...

Kathleen Richardson, Technological Animism: The Uncanny Personhood of Humanoid Machines, Social Analysis: The International Journal of Anthropology, Vol. 60, No. 1, ANIMISM BEYOND THE SOUL: ONTOLOGY, ...

Watch: 'The Fourfold' Animated Short Explores Mongolian Animism by Alex Billington June 20, 2022 Source: YouTube ...